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Nov. 11, 2024—According to the American Lung Association (ALA), more than 11 million Americans have been diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Millions more have the condition—and don't know it.

That's a problem. COPD, a chronic lung condition that includes emphysema and chronic bronchitis, is a progressive disease. That means it gets worse over time. And while there's no cure for COPD, starting treatment sooner can help protect your lungs—and your quality of life.

Spot the signs of COPD

COPD often starts slowly. It may not cause symptoms at first. And when symptoms start, they can be subtle. That's why it's crucial to recognize the early signs and symptoms.

According to the ALA, common warning signs of COPD include:

• A cough that won't go away, especially if it produces a lot of mucus.
• Shortness of breath, particularly when being physically active.
• Fatigue.
• A wheezing sound when you breathe.
• Tightness or heaviness in your chest.
• Feeling like you can't take a deep breath.
• Recurring bronchitis or pneumonia.

If you have one or more of these symptoms, tell your doctor:

• What your symptoms are.
• How often you get them.
• How long they last.

Don't assume that any symptoms are due to a cold or are just a normal part of aging. It's good to talk with your doctor about all your symptoms. That's especially important if:

• You're 40 or older.
• You've ever smoked.
• You've been exposed to secondhand smoke; air pollution; or workplace dust, fumes or chemicals.
• You have a genetic condition that raises your risk.

If your doctor suspects COPD, they will perform a physical exam and give you a painless test, called spirometry, that measures your lung function.

If you have COPD, effective treatments and lifestyle changes can help you manage your symptoms so you can feel your best. The sooner you start, the sooner you may find yourself breathing easier.

Sources

• American Lung Association. "COPD Symptoms." https://www.lung.org/lung-health-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/copd/symptoms-diagnosis/symptoms.
• American Lung Association. "Early Warning Signs of COPD." https://www.lung.org/lung-health-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/copd/symptoms-diagnosis/early-warning-signs.
• American Lung Association. "Learn About COPD." https://www.lung.org/lung-health-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/copd/learn-about-copd.
• National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. "COPD: Symptoms." https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/copd/symptoms.